Plant Review answers

Name__________________

Review sheet for Test on plants.

1. Germination: use vocabulary to explain the 4 steps of germination shown in the drawing below:

1. Dry seed shows no sign of life

2. A root appears after the seed got wet and the seed coat cracked open.

2. Explain transpiration from the point when water enters a root hair until the water leaves the plant. Explain how the water travels and why it is important. ( Be sure to include in your paragraph the terms: xylem, stomates, roots, water, transpiration, guard cells)

3. Explain photosynthesis in plants. Tell why it is the basis for all life, including animals, on our planet. (Use the words: carbon dioxide, water, chloroplast, sunlight, sugar, oxygen).

4. Use correct vocabulary to explain how a new seed is produced by a plant in sexual reproduction.

See #10 & #11 on the last page of this review (below).

5. What are the functions of the four main parts of plants: roots, stems, leaves, flowers?

6. Explain what "adaptation" means in science. Give an example and explain why your example can be called an adaptation.

An adaptation is a structure or function, inherited by an organism from its parents, which increases the organism’s chances of survival and reproduction.

Seeds and roots review (You may use short answers)

1. Why is a seed considered to be an organism? _____________________________________________________________

2. Seeds are not dead but are ____________________________

3. ____________________________ is the process of a seed coming out of dormancy and starting to grow.

4. Draw and label the three parts of a dissected lima bean.

5. What is the function of the seed coat? ___________________

6. What provides food for the baby plant? _______________________________

7. What is the baby plant called? _______________________________

8. When the seed germinates, what appears first? _____________________

9. What appears after the root? __________________________________

10. What are the two kinds of seeds we sprouted?__________________ and _________________.

11. What is the difference between the two types of seed we have looked at? ________________monocots= one cotyledon, dicots = two cotyledons__________

12. What is a pigment? _____a chemical that absorbs certain wavelengths (colors) of light and reflects others; (chlorophyll reflects green)_

13. What is the green pigment in plants called? _____________________________

14. What does chlorophyll do? __traps sunlight and causes photosynthesis to happen____

15. Draw and label a root. (5 parts) (Root cap, root tip, zone of elongation, zone of maturation, xylem) You don’t need to draw all of the individual cells.

See page 11 of in-class notebook file at:

http://www.mrbenton.com/10-11/10smartdaily/december/12-10-10flowervocabquiz.html

16. Describe at least 3 different sizes, shapes and functions of the cells in different parts in your root drawing.

a. sizes: small squares, long rectangles, long hollow tubes (dead cells, xylem)

b. shapes: small squares in root tip, long rectangles in zone of elongation, rectangles with extensions (root hairs) in zone of maturation

c. functions: root tip: reproduce cells through division

elongation: cells grow longer

maturation: grow root hairs

17. What are the tiny tubes called that reach from the roots to the rest of the plant, which carry water to all of the cells? ____________________________

18. What are three functions of roots? a.)_______________________________________

b.) __________________________________

c.) ____________________________________

Evidence of transpiration

We have observed various parts of plants with the naked eye and with microscopes, and we have done an experiment to measure the movement of water through a celery stalk. Our observations and classroom demonstrations support the theory that water in the soil moves into, through and out of a plant. In the table below, write at least six pieces of evidence that you have observed or measured that confirm transpiration and explain how each observation or measurement relates to transpiration.

Structure or measurement	How does the structure or measurement support the concept of transpiration?
root hairs	We saw root hairs under the microscope. The root hairs increase the surface area for water absorption.
celery leaves turn blue	Dye in the water in a beaker showed up in the leaves of celery placed in the beaker. This shows that water enters a plant.
pink xylem in celery stalk

1. A new plant’s life begins when a ______________unites with an egg in the ______________of a plant’s

2. This single cell multiplies and grows unit the seed is full-sized. Then the seed becomes _dormant___ with the

3. The seed is carried away from the plant (or “_dispersed_____”) and when it lands in the right conditions

6. When the leaves form, they begin to perform____________________ and the plant no longer needs the food

7. As the plant continues to grow, water flows from the roots, up through the ________________ in the process of __________________.

8. In the leaves, water combines with ___carbon ____ __dioxide ____, using energy from the ____________,

9. Extra ___oxygen________ given off in the process of photosynthesis leaves the plant with extra water

10. When a plant is mature, flowers form to start the reproductive process again. Pollen is formed on the ______________of the flower and then it is carried to the ______________of another flower, where it sticks.

11. A________________ __________ forms from the pollen on the stigma down though the ___________ and the sperm from the pollen “swims" down to the ovary to unite with the egg.